1. What is a common cause of MCL injury?
2. What are the exam findings of MCL injury?
3. What imaging is indicated for MCL injury?
4. What is the treatment of MCL injury?
5. How do LCL tears usually occur? How are they evaluated?
Answers:
1. MCL tears occur in football and skiing and are from force to the lateral knee.
2. Exam shows medial swelling and tenderness, minimal effusion, and medial instability.
3. Radiographs may show epiphyseal fracture. MRI delineates the MCL tear and evaluates the ACL and medial meniscus (O'Donaghue's triad).
4. Treat conservatively with knee bracing and strengthening.
5. LCL tears usually occur with knee dislocation. Patient with LCL tear should also be evaluated for associated vascular injury and cruciate and peroneal nerve injuries.
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