1. What is the typical mechanism of ACL injury?
2. What is O'Donoghue's triad?
3. What are the symptoms of ACL injury? What are the physical exam findings?
4. What imaging is done for ACL injury?
5. What is the treatment of ACL injury?
Answers:
1. Cutting, deceleration, and hyperextension of the knee, often noncontact injury (football, soccer, downhill skiing). 50% occur with meniscal tears.
2. ACL injury, MCL injury, and medial meniscus injury (since MCL is attached to medial meniscus).
3. Sudden pop with anterior knee pain and posterolateral joint line pain, instability, early swelling. PE shows effusion, tenderness, anterior drawer and Lachman's may be positive.
4. MRI or arthroscopy.
5. If reconstruction is done, partially WB with ROM over first two weeks, then progress to closed chain kinetics. Sports-specific exercises in 6-12 wks.
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