Metabolic complications of SCI

1. What causes hypercalciuria in a SCI patient? How long does it usually take to resolve?
2. What are symptoms of hypercalcemia?
3. How is hypercalcemia treated?
4. What are treatments for osteoporosis in the SCI patient?
5. What percentage of SCI patients show signs of insulin resistance?

Answers:
1. Hypercalciuria is caused by immobilization and decreased weight bearing, which promotes bone resorption. It usually resolves in 18 months.
2. Nausea, vomiting, dehydration, decreased renal fxn, decreased mental status, abdominal discomfort, anorexia, malaise. (Stones, bones, abdominal groans)
3. IV fluids, Lasix, mobilization, steroids, decrease Vit D, etidronate, calcitonin.
4. Weight bearing and FES cycling. Medications have not been shown to help.
5. 70%.