Medial ankle sprain

1. What is the occurrence rate of a medial (deltoid) ankle sprain?
2. How do medial ankle sprains usually occur?
3. What are common complications?
4. What is seen clinically in a medial ankle sprain?
5. What is the treatment?

Answers:
1. 5%
2. Foot in pronated everted position with internal rotation of upper body (foot strikes ground instead of ball in soccer/football).
3. Syndesmosis ankle injuries, Maisonneuve fractures.
4. Medial foot swelling, ecchymosis, pain with eversion. Anterior drawer negative.
5. Same treatment as lateral ankle sprain.