Pressure ulcers

1. How long would a pressure of 70mmHg take to cause tissue damage?
2. Is muscle or skin more susceptible to pressure ischemia?
3. What are three factors involved in the pathogenesis of a pressure ulcer?
4. What are common locations of pressure ulcers in the acute period? In the chronic period?
5. What are risk factors for pressure ulcers?
6. How can pressure ulcers be prevented?
7. What are 2 common complications of pressure ulcers?

Answers:
1. 2 hrs.
2. Muscle.
3. Ischemia, pressure, friction.
4. Acute period: Sacrum followed by heels. Chronic period: 1) ischium, 2) greater trochanter, 3) sacrum, 4) heels.
5. Immobility, incontinence, lack of sensation, ALOC.
6. Minimize pressure, maceration, and pressure, turn patient every 2 hrs, pressure relief q30min when sitting, proper cushioning of WC, WC pushups.
7. Osteomyelitis, dehydration.