Sunday, January 4, 2009

Nonorganic back pain

What are Waddell's signs?

Answers:
3 or more Waddell's signs are cause for suspicion. DO ReST:

1. Distraction: Normal seated straight leg raise.
2. Overreaction: exaggerated reaction to exam.
3. Regionalization: Motor/sensory abnormalities without an anatomic basis.
4. Simulation: Pain axial load on skull.
5. Tenderness: Exaggerated sensitivity or dramatic pain with light touch.

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